SWIMMING POOL
Introduction
The swimming pool as a place of healthy exercise and relaxation should be attractive and lead to some end to the promotion of health physically and mentally well being. That must be healthy surroundings and protected from pollution. The pool should have a shallow gutter running around just above the permanent water level in the pool and other one always above the edge of pool. A place for undressing must be provided as an append to the bath together with sufficient sanitary urinals and lavatories and shower booths, which every bather must use before entering the swimming pool. The pool should provide an average of 3 sq meter of surface area per bather as calculated at the peak hours and the length should be at least 3 times the breadth and depth of 3 to 5 times at the deep end. For very young children a separate bath is preferable. Swimming pool can become dangerous sources of transmission of many diseases like upper respiratory tract infections, for example influenza, common cold, cerebro spinal fever chickenpox, nasopharyngitis and intestinal diseases including dysentery, diarrhea, jaundice, and other water borne diseases. Certain fungal infections like athletes foot can occur at bathing pools. Ear drum injuries and eye diseases like conjunctivitis also caused through swimming pools. The full area around the pool and premises and the pool should be always clean thoroughly.
Prevention of infections
In addition to ensuring the purity of water certain rules of conduct for the bathers have to emphasized. Those must be framed and exhibited in visible places at the pool. Those rules are based upon are, dogs are not to be allowed near to the pool, an another shower bath must be taken after swimming, persons suffering from intestinal, eye and ear and skin infections, upper respiratory infections, discharging sores and wounds and also passing discharges from any parts or openings of the body must be prohibited from using the swimming pool. before entering the the pool all bathers should ease their bowels and bladder and throat discharges and have a shower bath with soap. Interchange of costumes should not be allowed. Women must wear a waterproof cowl to cover their hair. Before entering the bathing pools bathers should dip their feet for few minutes in 2 t0 3 % chlorine solution kept near the diving boards, platforms and ladders. Bathers should not spit into the pool. Gutter around the running just above the surface of water in the pool must be used for this purpose. Separate cloak rooms and dressing rooms and toilet rooms and bath rooms should be maintained for both genders. Special care for children bathers like protecting ear by plugging with cotton rounds and also they should be taught to swim with out taking water into the mouth and swallowing it. Due to these a most of the respiratory, ear and intestinal infections can be avoided.
Purification of water in swimming pools.
When a daily change of water or continuous flow is not practicable the water in pool must be renewed at least once a week and at least ten to fifteen % of water is to be replaced by a flow of fresh water every day. When bath water is emptied the sides and bottom floor is scrubbed and washed with lime water before refilling. To prevent algal growth and accumulation of slime(mud) in sides and bottom of the pool, mix an addition of copper sulfate 2 grammes per 1000 liters of water once a week. When continuous wholesale change or inflow not carried out, some swimming pools are equipped with the continuous filtration and chlorination system, but fill and empty system is found usually. Attention is very necessary to ensure that water is maintained in a pure state continually at such baths. Sedimentation is rarely possible, when possible a separate settling tank must be provided for the sedimentation process. It is carried out by adding 70 gm of alum per hundred liters of water and allow the water for 4 hours stay in settling tank before refilling the pool by syphonage. In all the systems of clarification ten % of water should be drained out and replaced by fresh water at every turn of clarification.
Sterilization process carried out not only for the initial sterilization of water but also maintains a minimum sterilizing to neutralize soon any ineffective organism/material,etc.introduced by bathers. Chlorination is always necessary and is carried out by injecting chlorine gaseous by using chloronome plants or by liquid chlorine or adding water sterilizing powder, having find out by the required amount of water sterilizing powder by doing Horrocks test calculation. WSP may be added at the water inlet when the swimming pool is being refilled with a special dosing apparatus. The swimming pool water from 4 to 5 different points should be tested for a colour test daily half an hour after adding the water sterilizing powder solution. If a blue colour is not obtained the daily dose of wsp must be increased. This method is satisfactory where a daily change of water in the swimming pool is carried out and this may be acceptable when water clarification is efficient highly. Bacteriological tests should be carried out weekly from 5 different parts of pool, and an hour after the maximum concentration of bathers. Chlorination by mechanical injector is the ideal method. In all modern water works armed with a highly efficient system of ensuring a high clarity of water, such as are obtained in large municipal corporations or base areas, chlorination by use of gaseous or liquid chlorine mechanically in water by means of chloronomes is carried out.
When a daily change of water or continuous flow is not practicable the water in pool must be renewed at least once a week and at least ten to fifteen % of water is to be replaced by a flow of fresh water every day. When bath water is emptied the sides and bottom floor is scrubbed and washed with lime water before refilling. To prevent algal growth and accumulation of slime(mud) in sides and bottom of the pool, mix an addition of copper sulfate 2 grammes per 1000 liters of water once a week. When continuous wholesale change or inflow not carried out, some swimming pools are equipped with the continuous filtration and chlorination system, but fill and empty system is found usually. Attention is very necessary to ensure that water is maintained in a pure state continually at such baths. Sedimentation is rarely possible, when possible a separate settling tank must be provided for the sedimentation process. It is carried out by adding 70 gm of alum per hundred liters of water and allow the water for 4 hours stay in settling tank before refilling the pool by syphonage. In all the systems of clarification ten % of water should be drained out and replaced by fresh water at every turn of clarification.
Sterilization process carried out not only for the initial sterilization of water but also maintains a minimum sterilizing to neutralize soon any ineffective organism/material,etc.introduced by bathers. Chlorination is always necessary and is carried out by injecting chlorine gaseous by using chloronome plants or by liquid chlorine or adding water sterilizing powder, having find out by the required amount of water sterilizing powder by doing Horrocks test calculation. WSP may be added at the water inlet when the swimming pool is being refilled with a special dosing apparatus. The swimming pool water from 4 to 5 different points should be tested for a colour test daily half an hour after adding the water sterilizing powder solution. If a blue colour is not obtained the daily dose of wsp must be increased. This method is satisfactory where a daily change of water in the swimming pool is carried out and this may be acceptable when water clarification is efficient highly. Bacteriological tests should be carried out weekly from 5 different parts of pool, and an hour after the maximum concentration of bathers. Chlorination by mechanical injector is the ideal method. In all modern water works armed with a highly efficient system of ensuring a high clarity of water, such as are obtained in large municipal corporations or base areas, chlorination by use of gaseous or liquid chlorine mechanically in water by means of chloronomes is carried out.
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